IP Spoofing Countermeasures

IP address spoofing is a hijacking technique in which an attacker obtains a computer's IP address, alters the packet headers, and sends required packets to a target machine, pretending to be a legitimate host. As a result, you should include IP spoofing countermeasures in your network security settings to shield your network from outside intruders. The following are some defences against IP spoofing that you can use.

COUNTERMEASURES

Avoid Trust Relationships

Don't rely on authentication using IP addresses. Attackers can pose as reliable hosts and send you harmful packets. The malicious malware will infect your machine if you accept these packets thinking they are "clean" because they are from your reliable host. It is therefore advised to test each packet. By combining trust-relationship-based authentication with password authentication, you may prevent this issue.

Use Firewalls and Filtering Mechanisms

As previously said, you should filter all incoming and outgoing packets to prevent attacks and the loss of sensitive data. In addition to preventing serious data loss, a firewall can block malicious traffic from entering your private network. Unauthorised access can be prevented by using access control lists, or ACLs.

An insider attack is a possibility at the same time. Insider threats can potentially cause financial loss and other problems by disclosing private information about your company to rivals. Therefore, you have to give scanning outgoing packets the same priority that you do scanning incoming packets.

Use Random Initial Sequence Numbers (ISN)

Time counters are used by most gadgets to determine their ISN. Because it is simple for an attacker to understand the idea behind creating the ISN, this makes the ISNs predictable. By examining the ISN of the current session or connection, the attacker can ascertain the ISN of the next TCP connection. An attacker can create a hostile connection to the server and sniff out your network traffic if they can anticipate the ISN. Use random initial sequence numbers to mitigate this danger.

Ingress Filtering

Ingress filtering prevents spoofed traffic from entering the Internet. It is applied to routers because it enhances the functionality of the routers and blocks spoofed traffic. Configuring and using ACLs that drop packets with the source address outside the defined range is one method of implementing ingress filtering.

Egress Filtering

Egress filtering refers to a practice that aims to prevent IP spoofing by blocking outgoing packets with a source address that is not inside.

Use Encryption

To achieve optimal network security, encrypt all data on the transmission media with robust encryption, regardless of its destination or nature. The best defence against IP spoofing assaults is this. Because IPsec offers data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication, it can be utilised to significantly lower the danger of IP spoofing. Moreover, private IP addresses at the downstream interfaces can be blocked using ACLs. The router has to have encryption sessions enabled for trusted hosts to safely communicate with nearby hosts.

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